MongoDB Data Types

MongoDB supports a variety of data types, enabling flexible data storage. Understanding these data types is essential for effective database design and development.

Key Concepts

• Dynamic Schema: MongoDB is schema-less, allowing you to store documents with varying structures within the same collection.
• BSON Format: MongoDB utilizes BSON (Binary JSON) for data storage, which enhances JSON by supporting additional data types.

Main Data Types

1. String

• Represents text data.
• Example: { "name": "Alice" }

2. Integer

• Represents whole numbers.
• Example: { "age": 30 }

3. Boolean

• Represents true or false values.
• Example: { "isStudent": false }

4. Double

• Represents floating-point numbers.
• Example: { "score": 95.5 }

5. Array

• A list of values that can include different data types.
• Example: { "hobbies": ["reading", "gaming", "coding"] }

6. Object

• A nested document, allowing for complex data structures.
• Example: { "address": { "street": "123 Main St", "city": "New York" } }

7. Null

• Represents a null value or absence of value.
• Example: { "middleName": null }

8. Date

• Represents date and time.
• Example: { "createdAt": new Date("2023-01-01T00:00:00Z") }

9. ObjectId

• A unique identifier for documents, typically generated by MongoDB.
• Example: { "id": ObjectId("507f191e810c19729de860ea") }

10. Binary Data

• Used for storing binary data such as images or files.
• Example: { "profilePicture": BinData(0, "base64string") }

Conclusion

MongoDB's diverse data types provide flexibility and efficiency in data storage. By leveraging these data types effectively, developers can create robust applications that cater to a wide range of data needs.