C# Programming Cheatsheet: A Quick Reference Guide

This C# cheatsheet serves as a quick reference guide for beginners, covering fundamental concepts, syntax, and examples to enhance understanding of the language.

1. Introduction to C#

• C# (pronounced "C-sharp") is a modern, object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft.
• It is widely used for developing Windows applications, web applications, and games.

2. Basic Syntax

A basic C# program consists of a namespace, class, and method:

using System;

namespace HelloWorld
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
        }
    }
}

3. Data Types

C# supports various data types classified into:

• Value Types: int, float, double, char, bool
• Reference Types: string, arrays, classes

Example:

int age = 25;
string name = "Alice";

4. Variables

Variables are declared using a type followed by a variable name:

int x; // Declaration
x = 10; // Initialization

5. Control Statements

Conditional Statements: if, else, switch

if (age >= 18)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Adult");
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine("Minor");
}

Loops: for, while, do-while

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
    Console.WriteLine(i);
}

6. Functions

Functions (or methods) are blocks of code that perform specific tasks:

int Add(int a, int b)
{
    return a + b;
}

7. Object-Oriented Concepts

Classes and Objects: C# is object-oriented, allowing for the creation of classes and objects.

class Car
{
    public string Model;
    public void Drive()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Driving");
    }
}

Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit from another class.

class Vehicle { }
class Car : Vehicle { }

Polymorphism: The ability of different classes to be treated as instances of the same class through a common interface.

8. Exception Handling

Use try, catch, and finally to handle errors gracefully:

try
{
    // Code that may cause an exception
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}

9. Conclusion

This cheatsheet provides a foundational understanding of C# programming. Practice writing simple programs to solidify these concepts.

By following this cheatsheet, beginners can quickly grasp C# syntax and essential programming concepts!