Summary of C++ Questions and Answers

This page provides a comprehensive collection of C++ interview questions and answers, aimed at helping beginners and job seekers prepare for C++ programming interviews. Below are the main points and key concepts covered in the document.

Key Concepts

• C++ Basics
  • What is C++?A high-level, compiled programming language that supports both procedural and object-oriented programming.
  • Features of C++
    • Object-oriented programming
    • Encapsulation
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Data abstraction
• Data Types and Variables
  • Primitive Data Types
    • Examples: int, char, float, double.
  • User-defined Data Types
    • Examples: struct, class, enum, union.
• Control Structures
  • Conditional Statements
    • if, else, switch.
  • Looping Statements
    • for, while, do-while.
• Functions
  • Function Definition and DeclarationSyntax: return_type function_name(parameters) { /* body */ }
  • Function OverloadingMultiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

• Classes and Objects
  • Class DefinitionA blueprint for creating objects (instances).
  • Creating ObjectsSyntax: ClassName objectName;
• Inheritance
  • Base Class and Derived ClassAllows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
  • Types of Inheritance
    • Single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid inheritance.
• Polymorphism
  • Compile-time PolymorphismAchieved through function overloading and operator overloading.
  • Runtime PolymorphismAchieved through virtual functions and inheritance.

Memory Management

Dynamic Memory AllocationUsing new and delete operators to manage memory.Example:

int* ptr = new int; // dynamically allocate memory
delete ptr; // free memory

Example Questions

• What is the difference between struct and class?struct members are public by default, while class members are private by default.
• Explain the concept of pointers.A pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable.

Conclusion

This tutorial covers various essential topics in C++, providing definitions, explanations, and examples that are suitable for beginners. It serves as a useful resource for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of C++ and prepare for interviews effectively.